Ratchet-wrench.



D. MORNEWECK.

RATCHET WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16. I914.

Patented Dec. 19. 1916.

" FFE DAvrn or "r'nniioivm, PEnNsiEIlvANIA.

RATGHET-WRENGH.

Application fi'lea July 16, 191a. Serial No. si,3ci.

To all whom itmay'concemf Be it known thatI, DAVID MoRNEwEoK,a

citizen of the United States,- residingat a wrenchof this typeisflprovided wherein a,

nut may be turned in either direction at will without removing theWrench from the nut, is and whereln nuts of various sizes may beoperated by the samewrench, and further, whereby a constructlon isprovlde'd thatis not only strong and-durable, but also one that iscomparatively inexpensive to cofn-.

7 struct, all as willbe hereinafter more fully described andclaimed.

Referringto the accompanying drawings, which are made apart hereof andonwhich similar reference characters indicate; simithrougha portion of awrench of my i mproved construction as on the dotted l ne 1-1 in Fig. 2,F ig.2a vertical sectlon as on the dotted line 22 in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 adetail perspective view of; a portion ofthe under 7 side of thewrenchfand Fig. 1 a detailview of the turninghead.

In said drawings the portions: marked A represent the main body ofthe-Wrench, B

= 5 the turning head, and Ca pawl forlocking the turning head againstturning in either direction.

The main part or body A comprises a.

handle a at one end and a chamber M at its large end adapted forinclosing the operative parts of the device. The chamber is closed by aremovable plate A adapted to rest upon its surrounding edge or wall andon a shoulder at the rear end of said chamber, thus forming a completeinclosed chamber for the operative parts. Said plate A is secured inplace by a single clamping bolt a and is held from lateral movement bya. transverse lug or boss 64 on its under face, the ends of which fitbetween the inner edges of opposite sides of the wall surrounding thechamber. Said part A is also formed with a pocket 10 at a point justbehind the chamber M, which pocket is closed by a sliding cover plate 11and is adapted to contain a series of sockets larparts, Figure 1 is ahorizontal section 12 of differientj sizes for a purpose to bepresently' described.

The turning head B formed toljournal in perforations formedjin the partA aindin the cover A, being formed with circumfer ential shouldersatpoints 14 and 15 which lnter-engag'e with appropriate recesses in said;parts and thus provide for the free turning of said head, while atthesametime insuringa close fit. Between said shoulders 14 and 15 saidturning} head is formedas a ratchet wheel with aseries ofverticalratchet' teeth, havingwide spacesjbetween them.vv

The pawl C is substantially a semi-circular'part pivoted on'the clampingbolt'a and pawl points 0 formed with two lengagin-g and 0 on oppositecorners, whichproject into the path of the ratchet teeth in theperiphery of turning head B. A cross head 16 formed, or rigidly mounted,on a pivot shaft' 17, is connected at its opposite ends,

respectively, by springs 18 and 19 with. points 20 and21onthe'oppositesides of the part 0. A lever 22 is mounted on the outer' end of saidpivot 17 and is adapted toslide over a transverse bar 23 on17l1e"L1nCleI"S1(l6 of the part A. Said-bar 23 has retaining shoulders24 ar a endsto engage and hold I said lever. 1 When said lever stands inthe position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1,

the point 0 of the pawl G is in engagement with the ratchet face ofturning head B, and will hold said head to turn with the handle whenthe'handle is turned in the direction indicated by the arrow on Fig.1The movement of handle A in the reverse direction, however, will permithead B to stand idle, the point a freely sliding over the ratchet teethin this direction, because of the yielding of the appropriate spring andthe relation of the angles of the respective parts. By swinging lever 22to engage the notch 24 at the other end of the bar 23 (see Fig. 3) thepoint 0 on the opposite side of the pawl C will be brought intoengagement with the ratchet face of the turning head B and said headheld to turn with the handle A when it is swung in the reversedirections reversely to the direction in which the nut is being turnedas the angle on the inner face, respectively, of the points 0 and 0 Willeasily ride over the opposite corner of the adjacent tooth.

As will be noted by referring to Fig. 2, turning head B is formed on oneend with a nut receiving socket of one size and in the other end with anut receiving socket of another size. The turning head is thus adaptedto fit nuts of two sizes. In the pocket 10 two other sockets are shownwhich are adapted to fit into the sockets formed in head B and thusprovide sockets adapted to fit nuts of two additional sizes. The wrenchshown is thus adapted for use with nuts of four standard sizes, and, aswill be readily understood, other sockets of varying sizes and ofvarying shapes in cross section, to fit any style as well as size ofnut, may be mounted in the pocket 10, so as to increase the variety ofsizes and forms of nuts with which the wrench is adapted to be used.

The singl bolt a serves to secure the cover plate A to the body of thewrench, and also provides the fulcrum bearing for the ratchet pawl C.Thus said bolt a serves as the sole securing means for holding the body,the closure plate, and the turning head in assembled relation, and, inaddition, provides the fulcrum bearing for thepawl. It will be evidentthat parts of the wrench may be readily disassembled simply by removingthe bolt a In operation, the wrench is placed upon the nut in the usualmanner, the operator swings lever 22 to lock turning head B as requiredto obtain the desired direction of turn for the nut, when the operationproceeds in the same manrer as with any common ratchet wrench. When itis desired to turn the nut in the opposite direction the operator merelyshifts lever 22 from one end of bar 23 to the other, as beforedescribed. The parts are securely locked in the desired Copies of thispatent may be obtained for relative position by the shoulders 2% at theends of bar 23 which engage the side of lever 22 and hold it untilforcibly lifted and shifted from one position to the other.

Access to the operative parts can be readily secured for purposes ofadjustment or repair by the removing of the nut from bolt a and liftingoff plate A as will be readily understood; The pocket 10 is neatly andsecurely closed by a sliding cover plate 11 and except when the socketscontained in said pocket are needed for use, it is kept closed and ispractically concealed.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A ratchet wrench comprising a body part with a handle at one end and amechanism containing chamber at the other end, said mechanism containingchamber being'formed with one side open, a closure plate for closingsaid chamber, said body part and closure plate having openings formingannular flanges, a turning head mounted to rotate in said chamber andprojecting through said openings at either end, said head formed withshoulders engaging said flanges and constructed with a ratchet, a singlebolt securing the plate to the body part and holding said parts and thehead in assembled relation, a double-ended pawl pivoted on the assemblybolt within said chamber and adapted to engagethe ratchet, a cross-headpivotally mounted in said chamber, connections between said cross-headand the pawl, and a device for actuating said cross-head to operate thepawl, substantially as set forth. In witness whereof, I have hereuntoset my hand and sealat Greenville, Pennsylvania, this 11th day of July,A. D. nineteen hundred and fourteen.

DAVID MORNEWECK, [L. s.] lVitnesses:

ALBERT C. SNYDER, CHARLES A. LAVER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

